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01 DBMS - definition, characteristics

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1. DBMS

A database management system (DBMS) 1. It’s software that provides methods to 1. create, 2. manage, 3. access a large volume of data 2. Automate processes such as 1. adding new entries, 2. modifying existing entries, 3. deleting entries when necessary 3. help users find information quickly and efficiently. 4. A database is an organized collection of data, so that it can be easily accessed and managed 1. You can organize data into: tables, rows, columns, index 2. it to make it easier to find relevant information 5. The main purpose of the database is to operate a large amount of information by 1. storing 2. retrieving 3. managing data. 6. There are many databases available like MySQL, Sybase, Oracle, MongoDB, Informix, PostgreSQL, SQL Server 7. Modern databases are managed by (DBMS).

2. Characteristics of DBMS

  1. Real-world entity

    1. DBMS have been designed keeping in mind the needs of business organizations.
    2. They help businesses manage large amounts of data efficiently.
    3. store huge volumes of data
    4. provide easy ways to search through them.
    5. Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, etc.

  2. Relational databases

    1. 1970s.
    2. each record contains fields called attributes.
    3. Each attribute represents one piece of information about a particular object
    4. For example: To track personal details : attributes namely name, address, and phone number.
    5. All of these attributes together form a single row in a table.

  3. Structured query language(SQL)

    1. 1980s.
    2. write queries against a database
    3. Queries written in SQL are known as structured queries as they use predefined structures to define relationships among entities.

  4. ACID properties DBMS follows to the concepts of

    1. Atomicity
    2. Consistency
    3. Isolation
    4. Durability
    5. These concepts are applied to transactions
    6. In multi-transactional environments, ACID properties help the database stay healthy in case of failure

  5. Multiuser and concurrent access

    1. Data can be accessed and manipulated in parallel with the help of the DBMS
    2. Users are unaware of the restrictions on transactions when handling the same data item.
    3. DBMS offers multiple views for various clients.

  6. Transactional processing

    1. Transactions are an essential part of any application.
    2. Transactions ensure consistency across multiple users accessing the system at the same time
    3. When transactions fail due to errors, the entire transaction should roll back so that no changes made during the failed operation remain permanent.
    4. Ensures that everything remains consistent when there is a problem.

  7. Less redundancy and consistency

    1. The DBMS follows the rules of normalization, which splits a relation when there is more than one attribute with the same value.
    2. Normalization is a method of reducing data redundancy.
    3. Every relation in a database is consistent, that’s the state of consistency.
    4. DBMS gives greater consistency than earlier forms of data storage.

  8. Stores Any Kind of Data

    1. DBMS should be able to store any kind of data that exists in the real world
    2. Because we need to work with all kinds of data that is present around us.

  9. Security

    1. DBMS provides security to the data stored in it because all users have different rights to access database
    2. Some of the user can access the whole database while other can access a small part of database.
    3. example, computer teacher can access only subject files, HOD can access all files

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